Construction and Materials of Wooden Fire Doors

As an essential component of building safety facilities, fire doors play a crucial role in the event of a fire. Among them, wooden fire doors, as a common type, have gained widespread attention due to their excellent fire resistance and attractive appearance. This article will delve into the construction and materials of wooden fire doors to help readers better understand this critical building safety device.

I. Structural Elements

Wooden Fire Rated Door Leaf

The door leaf of a wooden fire door is one of its main structural elements. The manufacturing material of the door leaf is typically solid wood or multi-layer solid wood. After long-term soaking in fire-resistant and flame-retardant liquids, these woods exhibit good fire resistance. Inside the door leaf, fire-resistant filling materials such as rock wool, perlite, and fire-resistant door core boards are often used to enhance the fire resistance of the door leaf.

Wooden Fire Rated Door Frame

The door frame is the supporting structure of the wooden fire door, usually made of solid wood or multi-layer solid wood. The stability and fire resistance of the door frame are crucial for the overall function of the fire door. The raw material for the door frame must undergo long-term soaking in fire-resistant and flame-retardant liquids, and it is synthesized with fire-resistant boards that have strong fire resistance to form the door frame.

Sealing Materials

The sealing materials of the fire door are located between the door frame and the door leaf to ensure a tight seal. These sealing materials are generally made of high-temperature-resistant and abrasion-resistant silicone or rubber products, effectively preventing the penetration of flames, smoke, and harmful gases.

Fire Door Hardware

Fire door hardware is an indispensable structural element of wooden fire doors, including fire-resistant locks, hinges, door closers, push/pull handles, latches, and dust strips. These hardware components are usually made of special materials that are resistant to high temperatures and corrosion, ensuring that they function properly during a fire, maintain the door in a closed state, and achieve the best fire resistance.

II. Design Styles of Wooden Fire Doors

The design styles of wooden fire doors are diverse, and below are some common design styles distinguished by structure:

Single-Panel Wooden Fire Door:

This is the most basic design, a complete single-panel wooden fire door. Different types of wood and decorations can be chosen to meet the decoration needs.

Double-Panel Wooden Fire Door:

Also named as double leaf design wooden fire rated doors, unequal design wooden fire rated doors, and mon and son design wood fire doors. Two panels form a set of doors that can open inward or outward. Suitable for main entrances or places that require more space.

Wooden Fire Rated Door with Window:

Small windows can be designed on the wooden fire door to enhance decoration and visibility.

Wooden Fire Door with Fire-Resistant Glass Window:

Customize with different sizes of fire-resistant glass windows based on requirements, typically rectangular in shape, with common dimensions being 200*600mm, 200*700mm, 200*1200mm, 200*1500mm, any other sizes can be customized.

The design styles of wooden fire doors are diverse, distinguished by the planar design, and here are some common styles:

Flat Panel Style of Wooden Fire Rated Door:

The entire door leaf's surface is a plane, and this simple style is usually applied to fire doors in public areas or buildings with a requirement for a clear and concise design. The surface of wooden fire doors in this style can choose free painting or regular painting. Fire ratings of 30mins, 45mins, 60mins, 90mins, 120mins are all available for this simple modern flat design of wooden fire rated doors.

Carved Wooden Fire Rated Door Style:

Carvings are made on the door leaf according to the customer's requirements, which can be shallow carvings, deep carvings, or even inlay lines. This style is typically used for fire doors at the entrances of hotels or apartments. The surface of wooden fire doors in this style mostly opts for painting. Intricately designed wooden fire doors are usually suitable for fire doors with a fire rating equal to or less than 60 minutes.

These design styles can be selected based on the requirements, style, and usage of the building. Wooden fire doors prioritize aesthetics and practicality in design, while also ensuring their fire resistance and safety.

III. Material Selection

Wood:

The core material of a wooden fire door is wood, primarily choosing solid wood or multi-layer solid wood. These woods not only have good fire resistance but are also aesthetically pleasing, meeting the aesthetic requirements of architectural design. The raw wood material must undergo prolonged soaking in fire-resistant liquid.

Fire-Resistant Filling Material:

Fire-resistant filling materials such as rock wool, fire-resistant door core boards, magnesium oxide boards, etc., are used. They have good fire resistance and can prevent the spread of flames during a fire.

Sealing Materials:

The sealing materials for wooden fire doors need to have high-temperature resistance. Typically, heat-resistant silicone or rubber products are chosen.

Hardware Materials:

The hardware components of wooden fire doors are made of metal materials that are not easily deformed and can withstand high temperatures, ensuring they function properly during a fire.

In summary, the construction and material selection of wooden fire rated doors are crucial. The door leaf, door frame, fire-resistant hardware, and sealing materials are key structural elements of wooden fire doors. Together, they ensure that wooden fire doors perform optimally during a fire, safeguarding lives and property. The choice and rational utilization of wooden materials ensure the overall fire-resistant performance of the fire door.

By gaining an in-depth understanding of the construction and materials of wooden fire doors, we can better choose and use this important safety feature, enhance the fire safety level of buildings, and create a safer environment for our lives and work. Moreover, the selection of wooden fire doors should also consider their compatibility with the overall architectural design, ensuring that while providing fire protection, they are aesthetically pleasing and integrate well with the overall architectural aesthetics.

In conclusion, wooden fire rated doors, with their unique design and excellent fire resistance, become a critical component of building safety. Understanding their construction and material characteristics is meaningful for us to make reasonable choices and use fire doors, thereby improving the level of building fire safety. Hopefully, through this article, readers will have a more comprehensive understanding of wooden fire doors, contributing to creating a safer living and working environment for themselves and society.

 Construction and Materials of Wooden Fire Doors

Construction and Materials of Wooden Fire Doors

Construction and Materials of Wooden Fire Doors